Document Type : Research paper
Authors
1 Academic faculty member of Tarbiat Modares University
2 Shahid Beheshti University
Abstract
The Quran, as a book, has propositions. Examining the meaning of these propositions is one of the tasks of "Philosophy of Language". One of the tendencies of this philosophy in the contemporary century, which examines the meaning of religious statements, is Wittgenstein's philosophy of language. He presented two theories of "early Wittgenstein" and "late Wittgenstein" about the meaning of propositions.. Simile is one of the most common issues and one of the most used rhetorical devices in the Holy Quran for various purposes. This research works - due to the frequency of similes in the Holy Quran - to study selected similes in Surat Al-Baqarah through the descriptive-analytical method and the statistical method, based on Wittgenstein's theories. The research concluded in its study of the seven selected proverbs in Surat Al-Baqarah according to the theory of "early Wittgenstein" that only "the similes" have significance, since the similes are intangible elements while the simile is included among the main and specific pillars that can be included in the circle of experimental tests. As for the theory of "late Wittgenstein", all issues have significance, but this significance is dual in two aspects; First, they are significant because they are found in language games, and second, they are significant for every speaker, even for speakers of a non-religious language. To put it more precisely, it is impossible to reject the significance of these propositions even if the propositions are rejected formally. Moreover, the Qur’an describes the similes in a way that is consistent with human nature and does not belong to a particular era.
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